5G base stations are the core equipment of 5G networks, providing wireless coverage and enabling wireless signal transmission between wired communication networks and wireless terminals. The architecture and form of base stations directly affect how 5G networks are deployed. Due to the higher frequency, the greater the attenuation during signal propagation, resulting in a higher density of base stations in 5G networks.

5G base stations are mainly used to provide 5G air interface protocol functions and support communication with UE and core networks. The 5G base station equipment mainly adopts a dedicated hardware platform, which can efficiently implement the functions of 3GPP standard related protocols through customized chips, components, supporting software and other implementation solutions.  

In March 2024, a report released by the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSMA) think tank showed that the global connectivity of mobile communication technology 5G has reached 1.6 billion. It is expected that 5G will become the dominant connectivity technology by 2030. In December 2024, according to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China has built and opened over 4.1 million 5G base stations. On January 21, 2025, according to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China has built a total of 4.25 million 5G base stations, and the 5G network continues to extend to rural areas. By the end of March 2025, a total of 5G base stations have been built and put into operation